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Trend in Crude Birth Rate: Kerala and India (1971–2023)


Observations on Trend in Crude Birth Rate: Kerala and India (1971–2023)

Kerala’s crude birth rate declined steadily from 31.1 per 1,000 population in 1971 to 12.3 in 2023, indicating a major demographic transition.

India’s crude birth rate also showed a consistent decline from 36.9 in 1971 to 18.4 in 2023, though it remains significantly higher than Kerala’s rate.

Kerala achieved a sharp decline during the 1970s and 1980s, reaching below 20 per 1,000 by 1990—nearly three decades ahead of the national average.

Since 2000, Kerala’s birth rate has remained between 12 and 18 per 1,000, reflecting a mature and stabilized population structure.

By 2023, Kerala’s birth rate was 6 points lower than the national average, showing the state’s advanced progress in health, education, and family planning.